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Danny Davis (Illinois politician)

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For other people named Daniel Davis, see Daniel Davis (disambiguation).
Danny Davis
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Illinois's 7th district
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 3, 1997
Preceded byCardiss Collins
Member of the Cook County Board of Commissioners
In office
December 20, 1990 – January 3, 1997
Preceded bymulti–member district
Succeeded byDarlena Williams-Burnett
Constituency1st district (1994–1997)
Chicago at-large (1990–1994)
Member of the Chicago City Council
from the 29th Ward
In office
April 16, 1979 – December 20, 1990
Preceded byLeroy Cross
Succeeded bySam Burrell
Personal details
Born (1941-09-06) September 6, 1941 (age 83)
Parkdale, Arkansas, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
Other political
affiliations		Democratic Socialists of America (formerly)
Spouse
Vera Davis
​
(m. 1974)​
Children2
EducationUniversity of Arkansas at Pine Bluff (BA)
Chicago State University (MS)
Union Institute and University (PhD)
WebsiteHouse website
Danny Davis's voice
Davis speaks on the enactment of Medicare and Medicaid
Recorded July 29, 2009

Daniel K. Davis (born September 6, 1941) is an American politician who is the U.S. representative from Illinois's 7th congressional district, elected in 1996. The district serves much of western Chicago, as well as the Loop. It also includes several of Chicago's inner western suburbs, such as Bellwood, Oak Park, and River Forest. Davis is a Democrat, a member of the Congressional Black Caucus,[1][2] and a former member of the Democratic Socialists of America (DSA).[3]

Early life, education, and career

[edit]

Davis was born in Parkdale, Arkansas, and educated at Arkansas Agricultural, Mechanical and Normal College (now the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff; B.A. in history, 1961), Chicago State University (M.S. in guidance, 1968), and the Union Institute & University in Cincinnati, Ohio (Ph.D. in public administration, 1977).[4]

Davis worked as a government clerk, a high school teacher, executive director of the Greater Lawndale Conservation Commission, director of training at the Martin L. King Neighborhood Health Center, and executive director of the Westside Health Center before entering politics. He represented Chicago's 29th Ward on the Chicago City Council from 1979 to 1990.[5]

Davis challenged U.S. Representative Cardiss Collins in Democratic primaries in 1984 and 1986, but lost both races. In 1990, he unsuccessfully challenged incumbent Edward J. Rosewell for the Democratic nomination for Cook County Treasurer. Also in 1990, Davis was elected to the Cook County Board of Commissioners, serving from 1990 to 1996 before entering the House.[6] Davis had also waged an unsuccessful campaign against Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley in the 1991 Democratic mayoral primary.

Cook County Board of Commissioners

[edit]

Davis was elected to the Cook County Board of Commissioners from Chicago at-large in 1990. When the board transitioned to district elections in 1994, he was elected to its 1st district.

Entering Congress in 1997, Davis left the Cook County Board of Commissioners. He desired to see Illinois State Senator Earlean Collins appointed his successor on the board, but party leaders instead chose Darlena Williams-Burnett, executive assistant of Jesse White and the wife of alderman Walter Burnett Jr. Collins challenged and unseated Williams-Burnett in the Democratic primary for the seat in 1998.[7][8][9]

U.S. House of Representatives

[edit]

Elections

[edit]
Davis during the 105th Congress

On December 6, 1995, Davis announced his candidacy for the 7th congressional district, adding his name to the already announced Democratic candidates, including Alderman Percy Z. Giles, Cook County Board of Commissioners member Bobbie L. Steele, Alderman Ed Smith, and Alderman Dorothy Tillman.[10] Five other Democratic candidates entered the race later: S. Mendenhall, Joan Sullivan, G. Winbush, Anthony Travis, and Joan Powell, making it the largest field of candidates for U.S. Congress in Illinois in 1996.[11] Davis lived a block outside the district, but was familiar in it.[12][13]

Davis ran on a progressive Democratic platform popular in the district. He was pro-choice and supported gay rights, the ERA, single-payer health care, and some federal support for child nutrition and care.[12]

In early January 1996, the FBI revealed its Operation Silver Shovel, which included an investigation into Alderman Giles.[14] What Operation Silver Shovel may have done to undermine Giles's chances for election are unclear as he was already lagging with a mere 3% among likely Democratic primary voters in a mid-December poll compared to Davis's 33%, Smith's 8%, Tillman's 7%, and Steele's 6%.[15] But Giles did have Mayor Richard M. Daley's support and that of other well-known area figures—some of whom continued their support during the controversy.[16]

On March 10, 1996, during a radio debate hosted by WMAQ-AM, Tillman and Smith called for Davis to reject the endorsement of former alderman candidate Wallace "Gator" Bradley,[17] spokesman for convicted Gangster Disciples leader Larry Hoover.[16] "Why do you keep badgering me with this question?" Davis replied. "You got a problem with something? You're not going to catch me going around saying I hate Gator Bradley. ... I'm not in the business of disavowing individuals. The good Lord said he hated sin, but not sinners. I'm not hating Gator Bradley. I disagree with those who commit crime and those who'd use drugs, but you won't catch me going around saying that I hate Gator Bradley."[16] Davis never rejected Bradley's endorsement during the campaign, and after winning the primary claimed that Bradley's endorsement played no role in the outcome, though Bradley asserted the contrary.[18]

During the campaign, Tillman highlighted comments Davis made in an August 1970 issue of Ebony: "[T]he white female often gives the black man certain kinds of recognition that the black woman often does not give him."[19] The Davis campaign countered that Davis was speaking as a psychologist in his role as a training director at a health center.[19]

Although Davis was fully promoted as a Democratic candidate, he also ran as a New Party candidate.[20][21][22] Supporting this was New Party's celebration of him as the "first New Party member elected to the U.S. Congress."[23] Although the State of Illinois did not permit fusion voting, New Party advocated it as a means to promote itself and its agenda and to project New Party ideology into the Democratic Party.[24] Candidates were called "N[ew]P[arty] Democrats"[24] and required to sign a contract mandating a "visible and active relationship" with New Party.[25] During this time, New Party was experiencing substantial growth.[26] Davis was also endorsed by the Chicago Democratic Socialists of America (CDSA),[27] of which he had been a member[28][29] since before his congressional run.[30] ACORN, AFL–CIO, Sierra Club, and the International Brotherhood of Teamsters also endorsed Davis.[31]

In the March 20 Democratic primary, Davis received more votes than the two closest candidates, Tillman and Smith, combined.[11] The first five announced candidates all received more than twice as many votes as the five late-entering candidates, with none of the latter receiving more than 2,700.[11]

In the November 5 general election, Davis defeated Republican Randy Borow and third-party candidates Chauncey L. Stroud (Independent), Toietta Dixon (Libertarian), and Charles A. Winter (Natural Law) with over 82% of the vote.[32]

Davis with President Barack Obama in January 2011
Davis watches as President Obama signs an executive order on July 26, 2012

Tenure

[edit]

Davis expressed interest in replacing John Stroger on the ballot in the 2006 race for President of the Cook County Board.[33] Stroger's son Todd Stroger was ultimately selected.

In late 2008, Davis expressed interest in being President Barack Obama's replacement in the U.S. Senate before Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich's scandal erupted.[34] In a December 31, 2008, New York Times article, Davis said that he turned down an offer from Blagojevich's representatives to appoint him to the Senate.[35] Instead, Blagojevich appointed Roland Burris.[36]

Davis ran for mayor of Chicago a second time in 2011, but withdrew before the election and endorsed Carol Moseley Braun.[37]

In the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries, Davis endorsed Kamala Harris.[38] He later endorsed Joe Biden ahead of the Iowa caucus.[39][40]

Sun Myung Moon

[edit]

In 2004, Davis was met with national controversy when he crowned Reverend Sun Myung Moon in a religious ceremony at the Dirksen Senate Office Building honoring Moon.[41][42] Moon declared himself the Messiah at the crowning ceremony, in which Davis appeared on the invitation as a sponsoring co-chair.[42] Davis wore white gloves and carried the crown on a pillow to crown Moon and his wife "the King and Queen of Peace."[43] Davis told Christian Challenge that Moon's declaring himself the Messiah "was similar to a baseball team owner telling team members that 'we are the greatest team on earth'" before a game. Davis said the peace awards were to "recognize people for promoting peace. Of course the highest recognition goes to the highest promoter and the highest promoter is Reverend Moon, so they come up with something higher than the certificates and plaques that other folks get."[42] Other lawmakers who attended included Senator Mark Dayton, Representatives Roscoe Bartlett and Elijah Cummings, and former Representative Walter Fauntroy. Key organizers of the event included George Augustus Stallings, Jr., a controversial former Catholic priest who had been married by Moon, and Michael Jenkins, the president of the Unification Church of the United States at that time.[44]

Trip paid for by Tamil Tigers

[edit]

As the 15th most prolific traveler in Congress, Davis stirred up controversy by accepting a trip to Sri Lanka in 2005 on behalf of the Tamil minority there, paid for by the Tamil Tigers, a group that the U.S. government has designated as a terrorist organization for its use of suicide bombers and child soldiers. Davis said that he was unaware that the Tigers were the source of the trip's funding.[45]

Relationship with Louis Farrakhan

[edit]

Davis has said that Louis Farrakhan, the leader of the Nation of Islam who has attracted considerable controversy for his anti-Semitic and homophobic remarks, is an "outstanding human being" and that "I personally know him, I've been to his home, done meetings, participated in events with him." In March 2018, Davis said: "The world is so much bigger than Farrakhan and the Jewish question and his position on that and so forth. For those heavy into it, that's their thing, but it ain't my thing."[46][47][48][49] Davis condemned Farrakhan's views later that month, saying, "So let me be clear: I reject, condemn and oppose Minister Farrakhan's views and remarks regarding the Jewish people and the Jewish religion."[50] He attended Farrakhan's Million Man March and was the only member of Congress to address the 20th anniversary of it.[51][52]

Committee assignments

[edit]

For the 118th Congress:[53]

Party leadership and caucus membership

[edit]

Political positions

[edit]

Davis voted to provide Israel with support following 2023 Hamas attack on Israel.[57][58]

Davis voted with President Joe Biden's stated position 100% of the time in the 117th Congress, according to a FiveThirtyEight analysis.[59]

In the 2024 Illinois primary, Congressman Danny Davis secured victory, reaffirming his position as the chosen candidate for his constituency. His success in the primary solidified his continued representation of Illinois voters in the United States Congress.[60]

Electoral history

[edit]
Illinois 7th Congressional District General Election, 1996[61]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis 149,568 82.59
Republican Randy Borow 27,241 15.04
Independent Chauncey L. Stroud 1,944 1.07
Libertarian Toietta Dixon 1,571 0.87
Natural Law Charles A. Winter 771 0.43
Total votes 181,095 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District Democratic Primary, 1998[62]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 57,200 85.06
Democratic Wilner J. Jackson 10,046 14.94
Total votes 67,246 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District General Election, 1998[63]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 130,984 92.92
Libertarian Dorne E. Van Cleave III 9,984 7.08
Total votes 140,968 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District General Election, 2000[64]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 164,155 85.93
Republican Robert Dallas 26,872 14.07
Total votes 191,027 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District General Election, 2002[65]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 137,933 83.21
Republican Mark Tunney 25,280 15.25
Libertarian Martin Pankau 2,543 1.53
Total votes 165,756 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2004[66]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 84,950 82.21
Democratic Anita Rivkin-Carothers 15,190 14.70
Democratic Robert Dallas 3,191 3.09
Total votes 103,331 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District General Election, 2004[67]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 221,133 86.13
Republican Antonio Davis-Fairman 35,603 13.87
Total votes 256,736 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2006[68]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 77,287 88.98
Democratic Jim Ascot 6,646 7.65
Democratic Robert Dallas 2,921 3.36
Total votes 86,854 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District General Election, 2006[69]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 143,071 86.70
Republican Charles Hutchinson 21,939 13.30
Write-in votes Lowell M. Seida 1 0.00
Total votes 165,011 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2008[70]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 129,865 91.14
Democratic Robert Dallas 12,629 8.86
Total votes 142,494 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District General Election, 2008[71]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 235,343 85.02
Republican Steve Miller 41,474 14.98
Total votes 276,817 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2010[72]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 52,728 66.77
Democratic Sharon Denise Dixon 10,851 13.74
Democratic Darlena Williams-Burnett 10,173 12.88
Democratic Jim Ascot 5,221 6.61
Total votes 78,973 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District General Election, 2010[73]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 149,846 81.50
Republican Mark M. Weiman 29,575 16.09
Independent Clarence Desmond Clemons 4,428 2.41
Total votes 183,849 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2012[74]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 57,896 84.48
Democratic Jacques A. Conway 10,638 15.52
Total votes 68,534 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District General Election, 2012[75]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 242,439 84.64
Republican Rita Zak 31,466 10.99
Independent John H. Monaghan 12,523 4.37
Write-in votes Phil Collins 5 0.00
Write-in votes Dennis Richter 2 0.00
Total votes 286,435 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District General Election, 2014[76]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 155,110 85.10
Republican Robert L. Bumpers 27,168 14.90
Total votes 182,278 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2016[77]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 139,378 81.19
Democratic Thomas Day 32,261 18.79
Democratic Frederick Collins 25 0.01
Total votes 171,664 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District General Election, 2016[78]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 250,584 84.24
Republican Jeffrey A. Leef 46,882 15.76
Total votes 297,466 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2018[79]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 81,570 73.86
Democratic Anthony V. Clark 28,867 26.14
Total votes 110,437 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District General Election, 2018[80]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 215,746 87.62
Republican Craig Cameron 30,497 12.38
Total votes 246,243 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2020[81]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 72,930 61.4
Democratic Kina Collins 16,395 13.8
Democratic Anthony Clark 15,022 12.7
Democratic Kristine Schanbacher 14,400 12.1
Total votes 118,747 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District General Election, 2020[82][83]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 249,383 80.41
Republican Craig Cameron 41,390 13.35
Independent Tracy Jennings 19,355 6.24
Total votes 310,128 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District Democratic Primary, 2022[84]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 35,366 52.0
Democratic Kina Collins 31,054 45.6
Democratic Denarvis Mendenhall 1,626 2.4
Total votes 68,046 100.0
Illinois 7th Congressional District General Election, 2022[85]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Danny K. Davis (incumbent) 167,650 99.9
Write-in 96 0.06
Total votes 167,746 100.0

Personal life

[edit]
Davis during the
110th Congress

Davis is married to Vera G. Davis. They have two children.[86] Davis is a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.[87] He is notable for his support of the National Federation of the Blind. He spoke at their 2004 and 2005 conventions.[citation needed]

On November 18, 2016, Davis's 15-year-old grandson Javon Wilson was murdered while trying to break up a fight during a home invasion in Chicago's Englewood neighborhood.[88]

On March 30, 2017, Davis's 44-year-old son Stacey Wilson was found dead in his home. He was Javon Wilson's father.[89]

Davis is a Baptist.[90]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Membership". Congressional Black Caucus. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
  2. ^ John Gorenfeld (2004-06-21). "Hail to the Moon king". Salon. Archived from the original on 2007-02-23. Retrieved 2007-06-20.
  3. ^ Muwakkil, Salim (July 16, 2019). "In 2008, Democratic Socialists Endorsed Him. Now, a DSA Member Is Primarying Him". In These Times. Archived from the original on September 4, 2020.
  4. ^ "Danny Davis' Biography". Project Vote Smart. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  5. ^ "Congressman Danny K. Davis : Biography". davis.house.gov. Retrieved 2018-08-13.
  6. ^ Biographical Directory of the United States Congress-Danny K. Davis
  7. ^ Banchero, Stephanie (12 February 1998). "DAVIS FACING A CHALLENGE IN DEMOCRATIC PRIMARY". chicagotribune.com. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
  8. ^ "OFFICIAL FINAL RESULTS PRIMARY ELECTION COOK COUNTY, ILLINOIS TUESDAY, MARCH 17, 1998" (PDF). www.cookcountyclerkil.com. Retrieved 15 October 2020.
  9. ^ "Editorial board questionnaires and endorsements -- chicagotribune.com". primaries2010.elections.chicagotribune.com. Chicago Tribune. 2010.
  10. ^ Fornek, S: "Davis Opens House Campaign With a Shot at Giles", Chicago Sun-Times, December 7, 1995. Retrieved 2008-11-1 from Newsbank
  11. ^ a b c "U.S. Congress Primaries", Chicago Tribune, March 21, 1996. Retrieved 2008-11-2 from Newsbank
  12. ^ a b Ritter, J.: "7th District Contest Drawing a Crowd", Chicago Sun-Times, January 22, 1996. Retrieved 2008-11-2 from Newsbank
  13. ^ Heard, J.: "Davis Looks Like Collins' Likely Successor In U.S. House", Chicago Tribune, October 4, 1996. Retrieved 2008-11-2 from Newsbank
  14. ^ Oclander, J. and Spielman, F: "Mole Gave Alderman Cash – Politician Suspected of Receiving $20,000", Chicago Sun-Times, January 9, 1996. Retrieved 2008-11-1 from Newsbank
  15. ^ Neal, S.: "Davis' Poll Gives him Lead in 7th Dist.", Chicago Sun-Times, January 15, 1996. Retrieved 2008-11-1 from Newsbank
  16. ^ a b c Neal, S.: "Silver Shovel Digs Into House Race", Chicago Sun-Times, March 11, 1996. Retrieved 2008-11-1 from Newsbank
  17. ^ "Wallace "Gator" Bradley", Chicago Sun-Times, December 29, 1995. Retrieved 2008-11-1 from Newsbank
  18. ^ "Corrections and clarifications", Chicago Tribune, March 22, 1996. Retrieved 2008-11-1 from Newsbank
  19. ^ a b Bey, L.: "Rivals Revive Davis ' 1970 Comments on Black Women", Chicago Sun-Times, March 14, 1996. Retrieved 2008-11-2 from Newsbank
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  21. ^ "October Update". Archived from the original on February 3, 1998. Retrieved 2008-11-03., New Party, Retrieved 2008-11-2
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  24. ^ a b "Supreme Court Decides Fusion Case". Archived from the original on February 20, 1999. Retrieved 2017-04-05., New Party (website), Retrieved 2008-11-2
  25. ^ Bentley, B.: Chicago New Party Update Archived 2008-10-11 at the Wayback Machine, New Ground 42, Sept-Oct 1995. Retrieved 2008-11-2
  26. ^ "New Party Profile: Members, Chapter, National". New Party. Archived from the original on April 23, 1999.
  27. ^ "Chicago DSA endorsements in the March 19th primary election". New Ground. No. 45 (Mar-Apr 1996). Chicago chapter of Democratic Socialists of America. Archived from the original on 2009-03-09. And Danny Davis is certainly not foreign to Chicago DSA. From the very beginning, he has always been willing to help: appearing as a speaker with Michael Harrington, serving as a Master of Ceremonies without peer at the annual Debs - Thomas - Harrington Dinner.
  28. ^ Send a student to Minnesota Archived 2008-11-25 at the Wayback Machine, Democratic Left, 30(2):5 Fall 2002. Retrieved 2008-11-2
  29. ^ Roman, B.: Cornel West at Preston Bradley Hall Archived 2009-03-18 at the Wayback Machine, New Ground 75, Mar-Apr 2001. Retrieved 2008-11-2
  30. ^ Roman, R.: Chicago DSA Endorses Danny Davis for Mayor Archived 2008-10-11 at the Wayback Machine, New Ground , 40:6 Winter 1990–1991. Retrieved 2008-11-2 only article header available
  31. ^ Davis for Congress (political ad), South Street Journal, 3(8):9. Retrieved 2008-11-2
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  33. ^ "Arlington Heights Daily Herald Suburban Chicago Archives, Jul 2, 2006, p. 139". 2 July 2006.
  34. ^ Klaus Marre, Blagojevich's slip fuels Davis speculation The Hill, November 28, 2008
  35. ^ Davey, Monica; Swarns, Rachel L. (January 1, 2009). "Tough Calculus for Blagojevich on Senate Seat". The New York Times. Retrieved March 28, 2010.
  36. ^ Davey, Monica (December 31, 2008). "Defiant Governor Picks Obama Successor". The New York Times. Retrieved March 28, 2010.
  37. ^ Rozek, Dan; Pallasch, Abdon M. (December 31, 2010). "Davis to drop out of mayor's race, support Braun: source". Southtown Star. Archived from the original on January 4, 2011. Retrieved January 1, 2011.
  38. ^ Romain, Michael (2019-06-30). "Davis endorses Kamala Harris". Oakpark. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
  39. ^ Klar, Rebecca (2020-02-02). "Illinois Rep. Davis endorses Biden ahead of Iowa caucuses". TheHill. Retrieved 2020-02-03.
  40. ^ Schuba, Tom (2020-02-02). "Rep. Danny Davis endorses Joe Biden". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 2020-02-03.
  41. ^ Lawmakers attend Moon 'coronation' in Dirksen Archived 2005-11-26 at the Wayback Machine, James Kirchick, The Hill, June 22, 2004
  42. ^ a b c Ron Gunzburger (2004-06-18). "SPINNING MOON". Politics1 blog. Archived from the original on 2007-06-08. Retrieved 2007-06-20.
  43. ^ Bill Alexander (2004-06-25), "The Money-Mooners Meet on Capitol Hill", BET.com
  44. ^ Babington, Charles; Alan Cooperman (June 23, 2004). "The Rev. Moon Honored at Hill Reception - Lawmakers Say They Were Misled". Washington Post. pp. A01.
  45. ^ Davis Claims He Was Unaware Terrorists Paid For Trip NBC5 News, August 25, 2006
  46. ^ Bier, Jeryl (9 February 2018). "Keith Ellison, Louis Farrakhan and Iran". Wall Street Journal.
  47. ^ "Democratic Rep. Danny Davis Calls Louis Farrakhan 'An Outstanding Human Being.' Farrakhan Says Jews Are 'Satanic' And Did 9/11". Tablet Magazine.
  48. ^ "Who is Louis Farrakhan? 10 things to know about the Nation of Islam leader, black activist". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution.
  49. ^ Curry, George E. (October 12, 2015). "Why Black people answer when Farrakhan calls". Indianapolis Recorder Newspaper. Retrieved 2018-08-18.
  50. ^ Kampeas, Ron (9 March 2018). "Democratic congressman who praised Louis Farrakhan now denounces him". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  51. ^ Wright, James (October 19, 2015). "Farrakhan calls on Black community to be self-reliant". The Dallas Examiner. Retrieved August 18, 2018.
  52. ^ Emanuella Grinberg and Ralph Ellis. "Million Man March marks 20th anniversary of D.C. rally - CNN". CNN.
  53. ^ "Danny K. Davis". Clerk of the United States House of Representatives. Retrieved June 2, 2023.
  54. ^ "Membership". Congressional Arts Caucus. Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
  55. ^ "Congressional Coalition on Adoption Institute".
  56. ^ "Congressional Caucuses". Afterschool Alliance. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  57. ^ Demirjian, Karoun (2023-10-25). "House Declares Solidarity With Israel in First Legislation Under New Speaker". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-10-30.
  58. ^ Washington, U. S. Capitol Room H154; p:225-7000, DC 20515-6601 (2023-10-25). "Roll Call 528 Roll Call 528, Bill Number: H. Res. 771, 118th Congress, 1st Session". Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives. Retrieved 2023-10-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  59. ^ Bycoffe, Aaron; Wiederkehr, Anna (2021-04-22). "Does Your Member Of Congress Vote With Or Against Biden?". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved 2023-11-15.
  60. ^ "Incumbents win big in Illinois primary with Chicago-area Democrats emerging from competitive races". Associated Press News. 19 March 2024.
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Further reading

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Danny K. Davis
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Illinois's 7th congressional district
1997–present 		Incumbent
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by United States representatives by seniority
23rd 		Succeeded by
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